Theory
With the Prandtl number constant, the thermal conductivity follows from the viscosity and the heat capacity, equation (1). The program evaluates the gas-side and outer-surface heat-transfer correlations of a heat-loss wall (Gnielinski (Gnielinski, 1975) for the pipe flow, Churchill and Chu (Churchill and Chu, 1975) for natural convection, Churchill and Bernstein (Churchill and Bernstein, 1977) for cross flow) with this conductivity, and passes to the JCA / JCAL equivalent-fluid models of an absorbing packing, whose thermal part depends on it (Atalla and Panneton, 2000).
The flow solver itself does not read this value: OpenFOAM's Sutherland transport model computes the gas conductivity from the viscosity and with its own (Eucken-type) relation (OpenFOAM user guide, 2026).
Equations
| where | meaning | unit |
|---|---|---|
| Thermal conductivity of the gas | W/(m K) | |
| Dynamic viscosity (Sutherland) | Pa s | |
| Specific heat capacity at constant pressure | J/(kg K) | |
| Prandtl number (this setting) | - |
Default and rule
- Default
- 0.71
- Rule
0.71 (air).
- Source
The program uses the value in the gas-side and outer-surface heat-transfer correlations of heat-loss walls and in the gas properties passed to the JCA / JCAL packing models; the correlations and models are cited under Theory.
Valid range > 0; air 0.7-0.72
Values
Positive. Air and engine exhaust gas lie near 0.7.
Not in the flow solver
The value changes the correlation-based outer heat transfer and the JCA / JCAL packing, not the conductivity inside the compressible solve.
Related 4
References 5
- Atalla, Y. and Panneton, R. (2000). Inverse characterization of the geometrical macroscopic parameters of porous materials. Canadian Acoustics, 28(3), 80-81. Web page
- Churchill, S. W. and Chu, H. H. S. (1975). Correlating equations for laminar and turbulent free convection from a horizontal cylinder. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 18(9), 1049-1053. DOI 10.1016/0017-9310(75)90222-7
- Churchill, S. W. and Bernstein, M. (1977). A correlating equation for forced convection from gases and liquids to a circular cylinder in crossflow. Journal of Heat Transfer, 99(2), 300-306. DOI 10.1115/1.3450685
- Gnielinski, V. (1975). Neue Gleichungen für den Wärme- und den Stoffübergang in turbulent durchströmten Rohren und Kanälen. Forschung im Ingenieurwesen, 41(1), 8-16. DOI 10.1007/BF02559682
- OpenCFD Ltd. (2026). OpenFOAM user guide. openfoam.com. Web page